Abstract:
Occupational accidents constitute a persistent global concern, as they often lead to injuries,
fatalities, loss of production, or damage to property and assets.1 While numerous theoretical
models have been proposed to explain the underlying causes of such occurrences, the
complexity and unpredictability of such incidents have precluded the adoption of a universally
accepted framework.2 So over decades, researchers have proposed various theories from early
probabilistic models to more complex systems approaches to explain why accidents occur and
how they may be prevented.3 Despite these extensive efforts, no single theory has gained
universal acceptance, which demonstrates the inherent unpredictability and multifaceted nature
of workplace accidents.4This essentially means that accidents are inherently unpredictable and
can have serious consequences, including injuries, fatalities, loss of productivity, and property
damage. This unpredictability adds a layer of complexity to workplace safety and
compensation systems.
